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Vector Borne Diseases

About Vector Borne Diseases

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What are vector-borne diseases?

What is a vector?
 
A vector is an organism or insect that transmits an infectious pathogen from an infected animal or human host to an uninfected living being. Arthropod vectors are ectotherms that are sensitive to climatic factors.
 
Survival, development, habitat suitability, and reproduction rates of vectors are influenced by the weather conditions.
 
What are vector-borne diseases?
 
Human illnesses caused by parasites, viruses and bacteria that are transmitted by mosquitoes, sandflies, triatomine bugs, blackflies, ticks, tsetse flies, mites, snails and lice.
 
Vector-borne diseases are infections transmitted by the bite of an infected arthropod (invertebrate animals) species, such as mosquitoes, fleas, triatomine bugs, ticks, blackflies and sandflies.
 
When a patient suffering from dengue fever is bitten by a vector mosquito, the mosquito is infected and it may spread the disease by biting other people.
 
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are vector-borne diseases like malaria, dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, Zika virus, lymphatic filariasis, Chagas disease, schistosomiasis, onchocerciasis, Japanese encephalitis and leishmaniasis.
 
Tropical and subtropical countries witness the highest number of vector-borne diseases. Dengue and chikungunya infections are caused by the 'aedes aegypti' mosquito, which breeds in clean water. The female anopheles mosquito, which causes malaria, breeds in both muddy and clean water.
 
Vector-borne diseases like malaria and dengue are spread through mosquitoes and affect many people across India every year.
 
Such diseases arise soon after the onset of monsoon season. Vector-borne diseases spread due to poor sanitation, contaminated water bodies, non-maintenance of overhead tanks and other polluted water containers, and inefficient solid waste management.
 
Symptoms and diagnosis
 
A person who suffers from any vector-borne disease usually develops a high fever, accompanied by symptoms like nausea, headaches, pain at the back of the eyes, rashes as well as joint pain and muscle cramps.
 
Since the symptoms are not specific, it is necessary to diagnose the disease.
 
A serology testing is advised if the patient has suffered from the symptoms for more than a week. As there isn't a particular treatment for this vector-borne disease, immediate medical attention reduces the chance of death. In fact, some dengue patients need a blood transfusion after a low platelet count.
 

Latest Updates on Vector Borne Diseases

Delhi recorded 325,875 cases of mosquito breeding at home in 2023, nearly 90 per cent higher than 171,931 in 2022, the data in the report shows

Updated On: 13 Jun 2024 | 1:39 PM IST

As per the WHO, in 2020, India accounted for 18 per cent of the global burden of kala-azar

Updated On: 05 Apr 2024 | 8:10 PM IST

NCVBDC numbers reveal a downward trend in these diseases over the past few years, indicating successful control efforts

Updated On: 13 Feb 2024 | 12:00 AM IST

On Sunday alone, 1,291 new cases of the viral fever were reported, according to the report

Updated On: 20 Nov 2023 | 6:22 PM IST

Officials informed MCD mayor that all necessary steps are being taken on a "war footing" to check the spread of dengue and other vector-borne diseases and the situation in Delhi is "under control"

Updated On: 27 Oct 2023 | 7:08 AM IST

This year, heavy monsoon rains, coupled with untimely showers, led to a surge in dengue cases in several metropolitan cities across the country

Updated On: 27 Sep 2023 | 2:41 PM IST

Nearly 350 dengue cases have been reported in Delhi this year till the first week of August

Updated On: 18 Aug 2023 | 2:32 PM IST

He called for community participation by enhancing and emphasising on behavioural campaigns and information communication to villages, schools and neighborhoods

Updated On: 30 Jun 2023 | 10:50 PM IST

Awareness campaigns will be held in all the 250 municipal wards of Delhi to prevent the spread of vector-borne diseases, Mayor Shelly Oberoi said on Wednesday

Updated On: 10 May 2023 | 11:51 PM IST

Pakistan government gave a nod to procure 6.2 million mosquito nets from India, in a bid to protect the public from vector-borne diseases after the last month's devastating floods

Updated On: 12 Oct 2022 | 11:14 AM IST

Around 5 million people in flood-hit Pakistan, including children, may fall sick due to the outbreak of water-borne and vector-borne diseases such as typhoid and diarrhea in the next four to 12 weeks

Updated On: 31 Aug 2022 | 7:50 PM IST

However, the rate of reduction was lower than it had been before the pandemic

Updated On: 06 Dec 2021 | 8:30 PM IST

These diseases account for more than 17 per cent of all infectious diseases, causing over seven lakh deaths across the world annually.

Updated On: 19 Sep 2021 | 10:25 PM IST

Health and general insurers will soon be permitted to offer specific insurance cover to the public for treatment of vector-borne diseases like dengue, malaria and chikungunya

Updated On: 13 Nov 2020 | 9:09 PM IST

Delhi's municipal corporations on Tuesday launched a campaign to prevent the spread of dengue and other vector-borne diseases in the national capital

Updated On: 26 Aug 2020 | 6:34 AM IST

Spike in vector-borne diseases points to governance failure

Updated On: 24 May 2017 | 10:44 PM IST