IBM's move is the latest in a string of large changes that organisations have made to counter rising health costs. IBM said the new arrangement puts the retirees in a bigger pool of beneficiaries.
Reuters reported the change yesterday.
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"IBM didn't make this change to save money -- it does not reduce our costs," Shelton said, noting that IBM's subsidies were capped in the 1990s.
IBM has been holding briefing meetings with groups of retirees to answer questions about the transition. A meeting in San Jose, California, on Sept. 4 drew 1,300 retirees, the company said.
The company has made other moves to lessen its costs for current employees. In the second quarter, IBM spent $1 billion to restructure its workforce, cutting more than 3,300 employees in the U.S. and Canada, according to Alliance@IBM, an employee group. It also required U.S. hardware division employees to take a week off with one-third of the pay.
IBM doesn't disclose the number of employees by country or by division. The company's total workforce was 434,246 as of Dec. 31.