The activists, numbering 25 to 35, were later detained and taken to the nearby Mulund police station, police said.
The MP from Yavatmal in East Maharashtra did not show up for the trust vote which the Manmohan Singh government won by a comfortable margin.
The saffron party activists assembled outside Rathod's house in Ashok Nagar area of suburban Mulund and shouted slogans against him, police added.