Dennis Aabo Sorensen from Denmark has become the first amputee in the world to feel - in real-time - with a sensory-enhanced prosthetic hand that was surgically wired to nerves in his upper arm.
Silvestro Micera and his team at EPFL (Switzerland) and SSSA (Italy) developed the revolutionary sensory feedback that allows people to feel.
Micera and his team enhanced the artificial hand with sensors that detect information about touch. This was done by measuring the tension in artificial tendons that control finger movement and turning this measurement into an electrical current.
But this electrical signal is too coarse to be understood by the nervous system. Using computer algorithms, the scientists transformed the electrical signal into an impulse that sensory nerves can interpret.
The sense of touch was achieved by sending the digitally refined signal through wires into four electrodes that were surgically implanted into what remains of Sorensen's upper arm nerves.
The ultra-thin, ultra-precise electrodes, developed by Thomas Stieglitz's research group at Freiburg University (Germany), made it possible to relay extremely weak electrical signals directly into the nervous system.
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A tremendous amount of preliminary research was done to ensure that the electrodes would continue to work even after the formation of post-surgery scar tissue. It is also the first time that such electrodes have been transversally implanted into the peripheral nervous system of an amputee.
The study has been published in the journal Science Translational Medicine.