Prime Minister Narendra Modi met Ontario Premier Kathleen Wynne in the province's capital, Toronto, on Wednesday.
The two leaders shook hands and exchanged pleasantries before discussing matters of mutual interests.
Assuming office in 2013, Wynne is the first female premier of Ontario.
Earlier in the day, the Prime Minister met Canadian Governor General David Johnston in Ottawa, before holding a tete-a-tete with Prime Minister Harper.
He also attended a ceremonial reception before being accorded a guard of honour.
Addressing the press, Prime Minister Modi later said that the agreement between the two countries on the procurement of uranium from Canada for India's civilian nuclear power plants launches a new era of bilateral cooperation.
Prime Minister Modi later travelled to Toronto, and in a break from tradition, shared his flight with Prime Minster Harper.
The Prime Minister's trip to Canada is the first bilateral visit by an Indian Prime Minister in 42 years.