When it comes to stories or onscreen entertainment, people are likely to enjoy seeing bad guys getting punished more than seeing them be forgiven, suggests a recent study.
But even though they don't enjoy the forgiveness stories as much, people do find these narratives more meaningful and thought-provoking than ones in which the bad guys receive their just deserts. The study was published in the journal Communication Research.
According to Matthew Grizzard, lead author of the study and assistant professor of communication at The Ohio State University, "We like stories in which the wrongdoers are punished and when they get more punishment than they deserve, we find it fun, still, people appreciate stories of forgiveness the most, even if they don't find them to be quite as fun."
The study involved 184 college students who read short narratives that they were told about plots to possible television episodes.
The students read 15 narratives: one-third in which the villain was treated positively by the victim; one-third in which the villain received a just punishment; and one-third in which the villain was punished over and beyond what would have been a suitable penalty for the crime.
For example, one story involved a person stealing 50 USD from a co-worker. Participants read one of three possible endings.
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In one scenario, the victim bought coffee for the thief (under-retribution/forgiveness); in another, the victim stole a USD 50 bottle of whiskey from the thief (equitable retribution); and in the third version, the victim both stole his money back and downloaded porn onto the thief's work computer (over-retribution).
Immediately after reading each scenario, the participants were asked if they liked or disliked the narrative. More people liked the equitable retribution stories than those that involved under- or over-retribution, Grizzard said.
The researchers also timed how long it took the readers to click the like or dislike button on the computer after reading each of the narratives.
They found that readers took less time to respond to stories with equitable retribution than it did for them to respond to stories with under- or over-retribution.
"People have a gut-level response as to how they think people should be punished for wrongdoing and when a narrative delivers what they expect, they often respond more quickly," Grizzard said.
When the punishment did not fit the crime, the participants took a bit longer to respond to the story with a like or dislike. But why they took longer appeared to be different for stories with under-retribution versus stories with over-retribution, Grizzard said. The reason why may be explained by the next part of the study.
After the participants read all 15 narratives, they rated each story for enjoyment ("This story would be a good time, fun, entertaining") and appreciation ("This story would be meaningful, moving, thought-provoking").
Participants thought stories in which the bad guys were over-punished would be the most enjoyable and those in which the bad guys were forgiven would be the least enjoyable to watch. Equitable punishment was in the middle.
But they also said they would appreciate the stories about forgiveness more than the other two types of narratives.
But while they also paused for the over-punishment narratives, they did not find them more meaningful, only more enjoyable, he said. That suggests the pause may have been simply to savor the extra punishment the villain received.
"Seeing a lack of punishment requires a level of deliberation that doesn't come to us naturally. We can appreciate it, even if it doesn't seem particularly enjoyable." Grizzard concluded.