Special CBI Judge Vinod Kumar sentenced the Chautalas and three others to 10 years in jail.
Apart from the Chautalas, Sanjiv Kumar, the then director of primary education, Chautala's former officer on special duty Vidya Dhar and his political adviser Sher Singh Badshami were also awarded the jail terms.
Shortly after the sentence was pronounced, Chautala's supporters threw stones at the court complex.
Om Prakash Chautala and Ajay Chautala, both legislators from Haryana, were taken into custody Jan 16 after being convicted for the illegal recruitment of over 3,000 JBT teachers in the state.
The court had also convicted 53 others for the scam.
Chautala his son and others were held guilty of offences under the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and Prevention of Corruption Act (PCA).
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The court framed charges against them under sections 120-B (criminal conspiracy), 420 (cheating), 467 (forgery), 468 (forgery for cheating) and 471 (using as genuine a forged document) of the IPC and and provisions of the PCA.