Jonassen underwent minor knee surgery on her medial meniscus earlier this month but has failed to recover in time to compete in this week's WT20 INTL Series against New Zealand, which will serve as the team's final preparation ahead of their departure for India.
Jonassen has been replaced in the squad by Western Fury player Renee Chappell. Chappell has travelled to Melbourne to join the team before departing for India.
Commenting on the change, Women's National Selection Panel (WNSP) chair of selectors Julie Savage said: "To play in a World Cup is a rare opportunity so this is obviously a disappointing outcome for Jess.
"Renee Chappell has performed strongly in the Women's National Cricket League (WNCL) this season and deserves the opportunity and we are confident that she can step into the side and have an impactful role."