- A large part of investment in agriculture in past decades has gone to irrigation. Yet, there hardly is any increase in the net irrigated area.
- The flow of institutional credit to agriculture has more than tripled in a decade or so. But the number of borrowers has not increased much. The bulk of the farmers’ credit needs are still met through informal sources, including usurious moneylenders.
- Production of foodgrains, milk, horticultural products and fish has been surging consistently. Yet, India continues to score poorly on global hunger index. It ranked 100th among 119 in the 2017 index, slipping three positions from 97th in 2016. About one-fourth of the world’s undernourished and hungry people live in India.
- The government supplies heavily subsidised grains to nearly two-thirds of the population under the National Food Security Act. Yet, malnutrition is rampant, manifested in poor health and stunted growth of children.
- Minimum support prices (MSPs) of crops are hiked generously every year. Yet, the farmers’ income is not rising. Worse still, the gap between farm and non-farm incomes is widening.
- Payback from investment in agricultural research and development is reckoned to be higher than that from most other technology-dependent sectors. Yet, not even one per cent of the agriculture sector’s gross domestic product (agri-GDP) is spent on farm research. A sizable part of the technology generated by agricultural research centres, too, does not reach the farmers.
- The share of agriculture and allied activities in gross capital formation, which was 18 per cent in the early 1980s, has plunged to between six and eight per cent in recent years.
- Over 2,000 farmers are, on average, exiting farming daily for last 20 years. Going by the Census data, the total count of farmers (depending solely on agricultural income) declined from 110 million in 1991 to 103 million in 2001 and to mere 95.8 million in 2011.
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