The discovery was made in the grave of a man missing his left foot and ankle at Hemmaberg in southern Austria. Instead at the end of his leg was an iron ring and remnants of a clump of wood and leather.
"He appears to have got over the loss of his foot and lived for two more years at least with this implant, and walking pretty well," Sabine Ladstaetter from the Austrian Archeological Institute (OeAI) told AFP.
"The infection risk alone would have been extremely high, which shows how good the medical treatment was. And don't forget this was at the edge of the civilised world in the sixth century," Ladstaetter said.
Until pagan Slavs arrived in the 7th century, Hemmaberg was the most important Christian pilgrimage site north of the Alps containing six churches. It was rediscovered in the early 20th century.