The death brings to seven the number of foreign soldiers killed in Afghanistan so far this year, according to an AP tally.
The Taliban claimed responsibility for the attack in a Twitter feed used by the militant group.
In a statement today, NATO says the "enemy attack" happened on Tuesday near Bagram Airfield, 50 kilometers (30 miles) from the capital Kabul.
The statement had no other details about the attack or nationality of the soldier.
NATO and the US currently have a combined force of about 13,000 in Afghanistan, mostly engaged in training and support following the end of the combat mission last year.