According to the petition on change.Org, 26-year-old Tara Hudson, who is serving a 12-week sentence for assault in a bar fight, has lived her entire adult life as a woman.
The petition says the Bristol prison where Hudson is being held is a particularly violent one and that she faced "extreme danger of abuse, sexual violence, and even death".
"People like Tara Hudson are still paying a high price at the hands of an outdated and outmoded judicial system, simply for being who they are," it said, asking that she be moved to a women's prison.
A prison service spokesman said offenders were placed "according to their legally-recognised gender".
Also Read
"However, our guidelines allow room for discretion and in such cases, medical experts will review the circumstances in order to protect the emotional wellbeing of the person concerned," he said.
"Additionally, there are strict rules in place to ensure transgender prisoners are managed safely and in accordance with the law," he added.
Campaigners estimate there are between 20 and 30 transgender people in British prisons at any one time and say they face a higher risk of abuse.
"I just feel the men are going to go after her. It's going to be humiliating," she said.