Police said the incident took place when a large number of protestors armed with matchets and sticks pelted stones at Pangeree Police Station in Tinsukia district and tried to gherao it demanding that those arrested in connection with the killing of two persons in the area three days ago be handed over to them, police said.
They threw stones and broke glass panes of the police station.
Nine of them died on the spot and one died at Tinsukia Civil Hospital. Another person died on way to Assam Medical College Hospital in neighbouring Dibrugarh district.
Senior district civil and police officials along with central paramilitary forces and police reinforcements have rushed to the spot.
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The officials were holding meetings with the protestors to neutralise the situation, the police said.
Three days ago a man, his son and daughter-in-law were abducted by unidentified persons at Pangeree area and while the son escaped from their kidnappers, the bodies of the two others were recovered later, police said.
Assam Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi ordered a judicial probe into the incident, an official statement said.
Gogoi appealed people to exercise restraint and maintain peace, and asked Tinsukia Deputy Commissioner to maintain law and order.
He also asked the authorities concerned to provide treatment to those injured in the incident.