The incident took place this afternoon when residents of Berla village tried to gherao the local tehsil (revenue) office, Inspector General of Police (Durg Range) Dipanshu Kabra told PTI.
A woman from the village had been allegedly raped and looted by a group of men last week, police said.
"One man was arrested in this case on charges of rape, while four others for allegedly looting her," he said.
When the police personnel, led by Berla police station SHO Prem Sahu, tried to control the mob, a clash ensued. Subsequently, reinforcements were rushed from Bemetara district headquarter to control the situation, the IG said.
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"At least 16 personnel, including Sahu and a Reserve Inspector Manbodh Sahu sustained injuries in the clash," he added.
The injured personnel were soon rushed to a local hospital, he said.