The incident happened at 6.30 am under the jurisdiction of Titagarh police station when the girl, a local resident, was cycling towards a nearby field for her morning workout, a police officer said.
The critically injured girl was initially taken to BN Bose Hospital in Barrackpore, he said.
Later, she was referred to RG Kar Medical College and Hospital in Kolkata but she died on the way to the hospital, the officer said.
"We have arrested the driver of the vehicle," the officer said.