The Korea Meteorological Administration said the quakes measured magnitude 5.1 and 5.8 and were centered near Gyeongju city. It said the magnitude-5.8 quake was the largest ever recorded in South Korea.
Local television showed children hiding under a dinner table and goods falling off the shelves at a supermarket. Officials said two people received minor injuries, but gave no further details.
The Yonhap news agency said minor cracks appeared in some buildings, but no major damage was reported.
South Korea experiences relatively little seismic activity, unlike neighboring Japan, which has frequent major quakes.
Gyeongju was the capital of one of the Korean Peninsula's ancient kingdoms and is now a popular tourist destination.
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