About 18 firefighters were at the blaze in Graingers Road, Hornsea in East Yorkshire yesterday, Humberside Fire and Rescue Service said.
The dogs were owned by private breeders who returned to their home to find it well alight with the dogs inside, the BBC quoted police as saying.
The animals were all in cages, so were unable to escape from the blaze.
The fire service said nothing could be done to save the animals. No people were in the house.
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The fire started in the detached, single-storey building but firefighters were able to stop the blaze spreading, he added.
An investigation into the cause of the fire is under way, the report said.
Last week, a 15-year-old boy was arrested on suspicion of setting fire to Manchester Dogs' Home, one of UK's biggest dogs' home, killing over 50 animals.
He was later released on bail.
Greater Manchester fire and rescue service said 53 dogs had died, while about 150 were rescued and have now been taken to the centre's sister site in Cheshire.