The court also sentenced 21 people to 15 years in jail and 22 others were awarded a 10-year prison term in connection with the violence in Alexandria in August 2013 following security forces' efforts to clear sit-ins.
The defendants were convicted of killing a police officer and a conscript and injuring many others.
They were found guilty of demolishing the People's council building and a police station and possessing unlicensed weapons.
Since Islamist ex-president Mohamed Morsi's ouster, the Egyptian government has been cracking down on the banned Muslim Brotherhood and its supporters.
Badie and Morsi were also sentenced to life in prison in the espionage case.