There were 25 cases registered in various police stations in the state where similar modus operandi was used, police said.
The accused were identified as Emmanuel Oguari, Osarumwense Smart and Tope Oluwuely.
"We had received a complaint in early 2015 by a woman who was cheated by these three men to the tune of Rs 38.22 lakh. We tracked their IP addresses and arrested them," said inspector Sunil Pawar of the cyber cell.
The accused created fictitious profiles on popular matrimonial sites, posing as highly-educated working professionals based outside India and earning high salaries.
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The accused told her that he had received Rs 1.5 crore for some 'secret mission', and would be sending her the money.
"Another accused called her, posing as a customs official, and asked her to pay customs duty, taxes and security deposit in various bank accounts for collecting the money," he said.
She paid altogether Rs 38.22 lakh before realising that she was being taken for a ride.
"We arrested them on April 22 in Delhi and brought them to Pune. They have been remanded in police custody till April 30," Pawar said.
Further investigation into the incident may reveal about other such cases, he said.