Bans of three years, two months were handed to Olympic champion Sergei Kirdyapkin and Olga Kaniskina, as well as 2011 world champ Sergei Bakulin yesterday. All three doping cases backdated to late 2012.
The dates mean Kirdyapkin remains eligible to defend his men's 50-kilometer title at the 2016 Olympics.
Valery Borchin, an Olympic gold medallist in 2008, was banned for eight years from October 2012 for a second doping offense, while Vladimir Kanaykin was banned for life for a repeat offense.
The bans do not affect any Olympic medals, although five world championship gold medals and a silver medal from 2009 and 2011 may be re-awarded.
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Further sanctions could still apply for Bakulin and Kirdyapkin after photos posted online appeared to show them competing at a Russian meet last month, when they were suspended pending the ruling.
The IAAF has said it is investigating both of them, and further sanctions could rule the pair out of next year's Olympics.
Kaniskina has retired and moved into coaching as head of Russia's training center, which appears to be in violation of her ban.
Those periods do not include the 2012 Olympics for any of the five athletes except for Borchin, who did not finish his only race at the London Games, the men's 20K.
In the case of Kirdyapkin, who won the men's 50K, his ban is written to allow his 2012 results from June 12 to October. 14 to stand, in between periods in which other results have been annulled.