The incident took place last evening and the affected villagers were rushed to the Central Hospital in Ulhasnagar, the rural police said.
Those affected include 13 minors and eight women, police said adding that around eight people have been discharged so far.
"A couple from Pimpri Chinchwad had visited Mahadev temple at Sangam river in the taluka yesterday. After performing a puja, they distributed pedhas to the residents of Katkaripada hamlet located nearby," PI Ajay Wasave of Murbad police station said.
"Out of the 34 affected villagers, eight persons were discharged this noon. The rest are still being treated and kept under observation at the hospital," Wasave added.
Police said that they are on the lookout for the couple, who distributed the sweets.
Samples of the sweets have been collected and sent for analysis, police said.