Polling began at 8 am and would continue till 5 pm, the official said.
Counting of votes would be undertaken on February 28.
The by-poll was necessitated due to the death of Congress MLA Subal Sahu in August last year.
"Polling is going on smoothly and peacefully, barring brief interruptions in some booths due to technical snags in Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) machines," the official said.
Elaborate security arrangements have been made for the by-poll in the constituency located in Bargarh district, especially in the wake of pre-poll violence in and around the area, officials said.
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"Of the 281 booths, 155 have been identified as critical. We have 12 dedicated squads to ensure free and fair polling in all the places," Sarangi said.
"Six check posts have also been set up in the border areas where vehicles coming from outside will be stopped and disallowed to enter Bijepur constituency," Bargarh SP Jai Narayan Pankaj said.
Security has been tightened following a series of violent incidents, including an attack on the brother of state Labour Minister Susanta Singh yesterday.
This apart, 40 platoons (1,200 personnel) of state armed police have been deployed on poll duty, he said.
Late Congress leader Subal Sabu's wife Rita Sahu has been fielded this time by the ruling BJD. There are 13 other candidates in the fray including Ashok Panigrahi of BJP and Pranay Sahu of Congress.
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