"The arrests relate to plans to travel to join a proscribed organisation," the Metropolitan Police said in a statement.
"Officers from the Scotland Yard Counter Terrorism Command have today, yesterday arrested five males from separate addresses in south, east and west London on suspicion of Preparation of Terrorist Acts, Contrary to Section 5 of the Terrorism Act 2006, the statement said.
A further residential address was searched in Lambeth area of London in connection with the investigation, the Met said.
In 2015, three teenage girls from east London went missing and were believed to have joined ISIS.
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