Dayashankar Singh was arrested by Uttar Pradesh Special Task Force (STF) team with the help of the district police from a house in Chinni Mill locality, Superintendent of Police Upendra Kumar Sharma told PTI.
Buxar is about 100 km from Patna on the border of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.
Singh had gone underground after an FIR was registered against him on July 20 by UP police on a complaint by BSP leader Mewalal Gautam, alleging that Singh's remarks hurt the feelings of BSP workers and the Dalit community across the country.
A photograph of Dayashankar Singh at a temple in Deogarh
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in Jharkhand had gone viral on social media and was also published in newspapers, triggering angry reaction from Mayawati against BJP which is in power in Jharkhand.
Dayashankar Singh hails from Ballia in eastern Uttar Pradesh.
He is a Thakur and even though the caste accounts for only 7.6 per cent of the population, they wield enormous influence.
The party threw its weight behind Swati Singh, wife of Singh, demanding action against BSP leaders for making derogatory remarks against her daughter and mother-in-law.
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Days after he was made Uttar Pradesh BJP Vice President, Singh had made a derogatory remarks about Mayawati.
The BSP supremo warned in a Parliament speech that if Singh was not punished, Dalits would erupt in protests across the country.
Her statement evoked angry reactions in Parliament after which Singh was suspended from the party. Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley had condemned his statement in Rajya Sabha and apologised to Mayawati on BJP's behalf.
In retaliation, BSP leaders brandished posters that use cuss words to describe Singh and offered a reward of Rs 50 lakh for his tongue.
Singh's wife also filed a police case against a BSP leader who, she said, made comment what amounted to a sexual threat against her 12-year-old daughter.
Dalits, who form 21 per cent of UP's population, are a crucial determinant of election results.