About 100 police, soldiers and civilians have been killed in clashes over the past week, with the Taliban beheading 12 of the victims, according provincial officials.
This summer's fighting has seen worsening violence, with the Taliban pushing forward in several provinces as US-led NATO troops withdraw and the government in Kabul deadlocked for months over disputed election results.
"In one village, local people hanged four fighters (from) a tree after capturing them as the army and soldiers made advances," Ghazni deputy governor Mohammad Ali Ahmadi told AFP.
NATO's International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) said it believed provincial officials were exaggerating the scale of the offensive, probably to encourage extra reinforcements to be sent in the remote region.
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"It is the officials in western Ghazni who normally hugely overstate what is happening. The picture that we have is by far not as grim (as local officials say)," ISAF deputy commander General Carsten Jacobson told reporters.
"We haven't seen so far any credible proof and we are watching that, of course, very carefully, of real manifestation of ISIS here in Afghanistan," he said.
The attacks in the last week have focused on Ajristan district in Ghazni province, after recent Taliban offensives in Kandahar, Helmand and Logar.
Sediq Sediqqi, interior ministry spokesman, told AFP, "We have sent special forces, police and army as part of reinforcements to the district, and launched operations against the Taliban. The villages will be cleared of the insurgents very soon.