India was one of 12 countries that abstained from a vote to task the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) to investigate allegations of abuses and crimes committed by all sides of the brutal conflict in Sri Lanka.
"It is a shame that India has put narrow conceptions of 'national interest' over the human rights of people in Sri Lanka," programmes director at Amnesty International India Shashikumar Velath said in a statement.
"By abstaining on this vote, India has turned its back on the opportunity to be a strong voice in support of human rights in the region," he said.
Velath said that the government has also let down civil society actors and elected representatives in Sri Lanka, and over 2.5 million people in India, who had called for an international investigation.
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In a statement, the Indian government had said the resolution has the potential to hinder the efforts of the country rather than contribute constructively to its efforts.
"Not only have the Sri Lankan authorities failed to secure justice for war crimes and possible crimes against humanity, they are also actively targeting those seeking justice," he added.