Military officials and medics said many others were wounded in the attack that targeted a crowd of servicemen gathered to collect their salaries near a base in northeastern Aden.
"The number of those killed has exceeded 40 with some 50 others wounded," Aden health chief, Abdel Nasser al-Wali, told AFP, adding that the death toll is likely to mount due to "critical cases."
Medics had initially given a toll of 30 dead.
Sarea said the bomber "took advantage of the gathering and detonated his explosives among them".
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Images from the blast scene showed blood stains and scattered shoes across the sandy ground.
The attack comes eight days after a similar bombing at Al-Sawlaban claimed by the Islamic State jihadist group killed 48 soldiers and wounded 29 others.
Yemeni authorities have for months pressed a campaign against jihadists who remain active in the south and east of the impoverished Arabian peninsula country.
The two extremist groups have carried out a spate of attacks in Aden, Yemen's second city and headquarters of the internationally recognised government whose forces retook the port city from the Huthis last year.
But Al-Qaeda has distanced itself from the December 10 attack, claiming that it tends to avoids "the shedding of any Muslim blood" while focusing on fighting the "Americans and their allies."
No group claimed immediate responsibility for today's blast.
Washington regards Al-Qaeda's Yemen-based branch as its most dangerous and has kept up a long-running drone war against its commanders.
In August, an IS militant rammed his explosives-laden car into an army recruiting centre in Aden, killing 71 people in the deadliest jihadist attack on the city in over a year.
A Saudi-led coalition has since March 2015 supported loyalist forces fighting the Huthis.