73-year-old Bachchan won the best actor honour for his turn as a hypochondriac father in the road-trip family drama. He previously won the honour for "Agneepath", "Black" and "Paa".
Ranaut, who turned 29 last week, was declared the winner for her endearing dual turn as Tanu, a troublesome wife and Haryanvi sportsperson Datto in romantic comedy "Tanu Weds Manu Returns".
"It is the best birthday gift I could have got. I am thrilled and feel blessed especially since Mr Bachchan is the best actor with me," Ranaut said in a statement.
This is the third trophy for Ranaut at the National Awards, having won best actress for "Queen" last year and earlier for best supporting actress for 2008 film "Fashion".
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SS Rajamouli's magnum opus "Baahubali" was announced the best feature film winner by filmmaker Ramesh Sippy, who headed a 11-member jury, even as last year's much appreciated "Masaan" had to contend itself with just a best debut director award for Neeraj Ghaywan.
Sweeping historical romance "Bajirao Mastani", starring Ranveer Singh, Deepika Padukone and Priyanka Chopra, helped its director Sanjay Leela Bhansali win the best director honour, besides bagging five more honours.
"This is my first National award as a director, it is really very special to me. My mother always prayed that I should get one and here I get it. Her prayers are answered," Bhansali told PTI.
The director said his mother screamed with happiness when she got to know about his win.
Salman Khan-starrer cross-border drama "Bajrangi Bhaijaan" was named best popular film providing wholesome entertainment.
"Thank you everybody for all your love. We are really happy that 'Bajrangi Bhaijaan' got the National Award for Best Popular Film," director Kabir Khan tweeted.
Best adapted screenplay honour went to Vishal Bhardwaj for real-life inspired crime drama "Talvar", while the best original screenplay and dialouge was shared between Juhi Chaturvedi (Piku) and Himanshu Sharma (Tanu Weds Manu Returns).
cerebral palsy in Shonali Bose's "Margarita with a Straw" got a special jury mention.
"Bajirao Mastani" also earned Tanvi Azmi the best supporting actress honour for her portrayal of a shrewd mother, while Remo D'Souza got his first National Award for choreographing two chart topping numbers "Pinga" and "Deewani Mastani".
The period drama also won majorly in technical categories like cinematography, production design, re-recordist and sound design, thereby becoming the biggest gainer at the ceremony with six trophies.
Tamil star Samuthirakani bagged the best supporting actor award for his role in thriller, "Visaranai", based on M Chandrakumar's novel "Lock Up". The movie also won the best Tamil film and best editing awards.
Whereas, Mahesh Kale took home the best playback singer (male) award for crooning in Marathi film "Katyar Kaljat Ghusali".
"Baahubali", which won best feature film honour, also scored the best special effects award for CGI-laden screenplay.
Resul Pookutty's co-production "Nanak Shah Fakir", based on the life and teachings of the first Sikh guru, Guru Nanak Dev, won the Nargis Dutt Award for best feature film on national integration, besides best costume design and make-up.
"Valiya Chirakulla Pakshikal", a dramatically disturbing exposition of the ill effects of pesticides in North Kerala, bagged the best film on environmental
Story of a child prodigy "Duronto" won best children's film, while actor Gaurav Menon took home the best child artist award for his performance in "Ben".
"Nirnayakam" was named the best film on social issues.
Meghna Gulzar's "Talvar" also bagged the best location sound recordist honour. The best song award went to "Kaathirun Nu Kaathirunnu" from "Ennu Ninte Moideen", while ace composer Ilaiyaraaja won the best background score honour for "Thaarai Thappattai".
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"Thithi" bagged the best Kannada film award, "Enemy" won the best Konkani film honour and "Pathemari" was named the best Malayalam film.
Survival drama "Ringan" won best Marathi film award and "Pahada Ra Luha" won the best Odiya film trophy. For effectively capturing the sense of fear during insurgency in Punjab, "Chauthi Koot" took home the best Punjabi film honour.
"Satrangi", a film on women empowerment, won the best Haryanvi film award. "The Head Hunter" was named the best Wancho film. Best Khasi and Mizo film awards went to "Onnatah" and "Kima's Lode Beyond the Class" respectively.
In the non-feature film categories, best film went to "Amdavad Maa Famous", while the best debut film of a director went to Nishantroy Bombarde's "Daaravtha".
Documentary on Kannada filmmaker Girish Kasaravalli "Life in Metaphors: A portrait of Girish Kasaravalli" by director OP Shrivastava, was named best biographical/historical reconstruction.
Best Arts/Cultural film honour was shared by "A Far Afternoon - A painted Saga" and "Yazhpanam Thedchanamoorthy - Music beyond boundaries".
"Weaves of Maheshwar" won best promotional film.
Best environmental film including agriculture went to "The Man who dwarfed the mountains" and "God on the Edge".
"Autodriver" was named best film on social issues while best educational film honour went to "Paywat". Best exploration/adventure film went to "Dribbling with their future".
Special jury award was given to "In Search of Fading Canvas", Best short fiction film to "Aushadh", film on family values "Best Friends Forever", best direction "Kamuki", best cinematography "Benaras: The Unexplored Attatchments", best audiography "Edpakana" and best editing "Breaking Free".
"A Painted Saga" won its second award in best music category. Best narration/voiceover was shared by Mala Laj Watat Nahai and "Arangile Nithya Vismayam Guru Chemancherry Kunhiraman Nair".
"The Chameleon", "Amma" and "Syaahi" shared the special mention award.
In the best writing on cinema, the best book on cinema went to Doddahulluru Rukkoji for his book "Dr Rajkumar Samagra Charithre". While, Satish Chopra received a special mention for his book "Forgotten Masters of Hindi Cinema".
The best film critic award went to Meghachandra Kongbam.