The defendants were convicted yesterday of forming an organisation in 2012-2013 that "used terrorism as a way to achieve its aims," the prosecution said in a statement carried by the official BNA news agency.
The high criminal court found that the group had smuggled weapons and explosives into the Gulf kingdom and plotted attacks against police and vital infrastructure, as well as a foreign embassy, the prosecution said.
Gulf Daily News said the targets included the Saudi embassy and the causeway linking Bahrain with neighbouring Saudi Arabia.
Only 33 of the defendants are in custody. The rest were tried in absentia.
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General prosecutor Ahmed al-Hammadi said all those convicted except for one were also stripped of their citizenship.
A judicial source said that most of the defendants are from the Shiite village of Bani Jamra, near the capital Manama.
Shiite-led protests rocked the Sunni-ruled monarchy in February 2011, taking their cue from Arab Spring uprisings that hit several Arab countries.
Although the protests were quelled with Saudi-led support in March 2011, Shiite demonstrators clash frequently with security forces in villages outside Manama.
The International Federation for Human Rights says at least 89 people have been killed since the outbreak of the uprising in 2011.