Mullah Khamal Adin took the witness stand against Robert Bales, who pleaded guilty in June in a deal to avoid the death penalty.
Adin, a villager whose cousin lost 11 relatives in the attack, is one of nine Afghans from Kandahar Province flown to the US for the hearing. He described arriving at his cousin's home and finding a pile of burning bodies, including young children, inside. Bales acknowledged setting the bodies alight with a kerosene lantern.
During his plea hearing in June, Bales couldn't explain to a judge why he committed the killings. "There's not a good reason in this world for why I did the horrible things I did," he said.
One of Bale's lawyers, John Henry Browne, said after court Wednesday that his client will speak to the jury at the end of the case, and he will offer an apology for his crimes.
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Haji Wazir Mohammad, who received USD 550,000 in compensation from the US government, told the jury that the attacks destroyed what had been a happy life.
"I've gone through very hard times," he added. "If anybody speaks to me about the incident ... I feel the same, like it's happening right now."
Bales' attorneys, who have said the soldier suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder, didn't cross-examine any of the Afghan witnesses.
Two military doctors testified Wednesday, describing the treatment of Bales' victims, including a young girl who had been shot in the head and spent three months undergoing surgeries and rehabilitation at a naval hospital in San Diego, relearning how to walk.