Zia, 72, has been accused of awarding a contract to Global Agro Trade Pvt Company Ltd (Gatco) for container management at inland depots in Dhaka and Chittagong during her tenure as the prime minister from 2001-2006.
The Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) alleges that the contract was awarded in violation of government rules and caused a loss of nearly USD 124 million to the country.
The opposition Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) leader had pleaded the Supreme Court to stay the trial in the case in a lower court, but the apex court rejected her appeal.
The Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) filed the graft case against Zia, her younger son Arafat Rahman, who died in 2015, and 11 others on September 2, 2007, saying the deal allegedly cost the exchequer over Tk 1,000 crore (USD 124 million).
More From This Section
The two-time former prime minister has said that all the cases against her were politically motivated.
Zia was arrested the same day. A year after her arrest, Zia secured a bail from the High Court.
The case was filed during the army-backed emergency rules in 2007-2008.
The case is now pending before Dhaka's Special Judges Court.
Zia is also being tried in two other graft cases involving two charities named after her husband and BNP's founder Ziaur Rahman.
She was prime minister from 1991-1996 and 2001-2006.