RBI lowered interest rates by a total of 0.50 per cent since January 2015, but banks are yet to pass on the benefit to borrowers.
"With the RBI choosing not to reduce the policy interest rate, demand revival in the economy and pick up in the investment cycle would remain a tall order".
"The ball is clearly in the court of the banks to rise to the occasion since credit off-take has remained weak despite front loading of the two rate cuts," Assocham President Rana Kapoor said.
"Industry is facing a tough environment as the demand is decelerating and costs of doing businesses are rising," PHD Chamber President Alok B Shriram said.
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The repo rate, at which RBI lends to the banking system, will continue to be at 7.5 per cent and the cash reserve ratio, which is the amount of deposits parked with the central bank, will remain at 4 per cent.
"Many stalled projects are waiting for availability of credit at cost effective rates to restart the operations and eventually be a trigger for a turn in the investment cycle. These projects could be revived if RBI and banks had cut interest rates," CII President Ajay Shriram said.
Engineering exporters' body EEPC India Chairman Anupam Shah said the RBI's decision to maintain interest rates "has been a dampener for the exporters".