The operation will target cyber crime that damages political security, while also cracking down on online terrorism and other types of illegal information.
Police will pursue crimes related to pornography, gambling, guns, explosives and drugs, the statement said.
The special operation also targets infringement of private information, telecommunications fraud, hacking, the spread of violence and terrorism, and damage to the social order.
Websites, online service providers and employees will also be subject to police inspection, state-run Xinhua news agency reported.