Five of the nine wounded were policemen stationed outside the campus to quell protests. Police later cordoned off the area with sniffer dogs, an official in the Giza Security Directorate said.
The main gates of the university were closed soon after the explosion. Police also cordoned off the area and the bomb disposal team rushed to the area, Egyptian state TV reported.
The same site had witnessed a similar explosion in April.
Many violent attacks by militants took place since the January 2011 revolution that toppled ex-president Hosni Mubarak.
In July, militants attacked a military checkpoint in Al-Wadi Al-Gedid governorate in southern Egypt, killing 21 border guards.
The military has launched security campaigns in the area, arrested suspects and demolished terrorist bases including tunnels leading to the Gaza Strip.