Thousands more are believed to be stranded at sea. Steve Hamilton, of the International Organisation for Migration in Jakarta, Indonesia's capital, said his teams were racing to the Aceh province sub-district of Seunuddon, where the boats offloaded.
Of the four vessels that arrived, three had apparently been abandoned by the smugglers and the other ran out of fuel, he said.
Most of the migrants were men, but there also were 98 women and 51 children, officials said, adding that many were sick and weak.
"All we could do was pray," he said, crying as he spoke to The Associated Press by phone.
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The Rohingya have for decades suffered from state-sanctioned discrimination in Myanmar and are denied citizenship.
Attacks on the religious minority by Buddhist mobs in the last three years have sparked one of the biggest exoduses of boat people since the Vietnam War, sending 100,000 people fleeing, according to Chris Lewa, director of the Arakan Project, which has monitored the movements of Rohingya for more than a decade.
Some are held even after family members pay for them to be released from the boats.
"I am very concerned about smugglers abandoning boatloads at sea," Lewa said, noting that some people have been stranded for more than two months.
Tightly confined, and with limited access to food and clean water, their health is inevitably deteriorating, Lewa said, adding that dozens of deaths have been reported so far.