The UK's National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) in London is designed to improve Britain's resilience to attacks and act as an operational nerve centre.
"We want to make the UK the hardest target," Ciaran Martin, the centre's chief executive, told BBC.
Queen Elizabeth II will open the centre.
The UK government has underpinned the new facility with a 1.9 billion pound cash injection.
The NCSC - part of UK intelligence agency Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) - says the country is facing about 60 serious cyber-attacks a month.
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As well as protecting against and responding to high-end attacks on government and business, the NCSC also aims to protect the economy and wider society.
UK Chancellor of the Exchequer Philip Hammond said 65 per cent of large businesses have reported a cyber breach or attack in the past 12 months and there is an urgent need to "sharpen" the country's cyber safety.
Russia has been the focus of recent concern, following claims it used cyber-attacks to interfere with the recent US presidential election.
"I think there has been a significant change in the Russian approach to cyber-attacks and the willingness to carry it out, and clearly that's something we need to be prepared to deal with," Martin added.
The new centre will be working on a voluntary basis with political parties and giving advice to high-profile individuals, including MPs, on how to protect their sensitive data.
In the past, UK cyber protection was largely situated within GCHQ in Cheltenham, which was criticised by businesses and others as overly secretive.
The NCSC aims to be more public facing and accessible.
It will also protect a far wider range of sectors, rather than just government and national security-related industries, like defence.
GCHQ will still be the parent body for the NCSC, meaning it can draw on the intelligence agency's skills and capabilities.