The star, whose portrayal of the puerile anarchist Rick in BBC's "The Young Ones" endeared him to a generation of viewers in the 1980s, became one of Britain's best-known comic actors.
He also appeared in "Blackadder" alongside Rowan Atkinson, as a cynical Conservative politician in "The New Statesman" and was reunited with his "Young Ones" co-star Ade Edmondson in "Bottom".
Police said officers were called to a house in the upmarket southwest London district of Barnes and "a man, aged in his 50s" was pronounced dead at the scene. The death is not believed to be suspicious, the spokesman added.
Speaking about the accident last year, Mayall said he had been kept alive on a life-support machine for five days and doctors were considering turning it off when he began to show signs of life.
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He said the brush with death changed his life -- for years afterwards, he would mark the occasion by exchanging gifts with his wife and three children.
He said: "The main difference between now and before my accident is I'm just very glad to be alive.
Paying tribute, "Blackadder" producer John Lloyd said Mayall was "just extraordinary".
"It's really a dreadful piece of news," he told the BBC.
"I remember going to the very first night of the Comedy Store (a club in London) and thinking 'Where does this come from?'.
"It was the most extraordinary thing, him and Ade Edmondson doing the 'Dangerous Brothers', they were called, and you just felt you were in the presence of something, a whole revolutionary thing."
"His comic timing was outstanding and his screen presence unique. For a generation of viewers he was a true comedy hero.