The 29-year-old man, who has not been identified, started shouting at Schipol Airport this morning that he was carrying bombs, Dutch police said.
He was overpowered by police and taken into custody, police said. His luggage was searched by sniffer dogs, but was not found to contain any explosives.
Parts of the terminal were also evacuated and searched. However, no explosives were found.
Several check-in counters at the Terminal 3 were closed and evacuated as a precaution while some passengers fled in panic, many leaving their luggage behind.
The terminal reopened a short time later. Schiphol is the main international airport in the Netherlands and is around five miles outside Amsterdam.