The directive has been conveyed to all district police chiefs by the state Director General of Police Sulkhan Singh.
A Government Order to ban cow slaughter and illegal transport of milch animals was passed during the previous Akhilesh Yadav government in the state but was never strictly implemented.
"NSA and Gangsters Act is to be invoked against those involved in cow slaughter and trafficking of milch animals for slaughter," the DGP's orders said.
A person booked under the provision of Gangsters Act becomes part of a gang listed in police records. It entitles the police to keep track of those booked under the Act and issue summons to them for attendance at the local police station for questioning even if no fresh case is lodged against them.
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Singh asked the officers to register FIRs against vigilantes when they violate the law and to prepare dossiers on them after identification with the help of intelligence networks.
"These people/organisations should be informed that they do not have a right to act illegally by taking the law into their hands," he said.
The directive comes against the backdrop of incidents in which 'gau rakshaks' or such organisations reach a spot where cow slaughter has taken place and cause traffic jams, assault people and indulge in arson.
The DGP has given directions to make police station in-charges aware about such trafficking and improve their intelligence networks.
The order comes amid a raging heated debate on the Centre's notification which bans the sale of cattle for slaughter in market places.
The notification has triggered protests from various quarters, including the Kerala government and certain BJP leaders in Meghalaya.
The Madras High Court had on May 30 stayed the notification for four weeks.
Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan had last week written against the notification to Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
Union Environment Minister Harsh Vardhan has said the Centre may consider any vital proposal on the new law on cattle trade and slaughter.
The Centre's new notification has imposed a blanket prohibition on the slaughtering of cattle (cows, bulls, buffaloes, camels, heifers) brought from animal markets.
The notification bans the sale of cattle for culling and also restrains sacrificing the animals for religious purposes.
The MoEF notified the stringent Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Regulation of Livestock Markets) Rules, 2017 under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960, on May 25, banning the sale and purchase of cattle from animal markets for slaughter.
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