Sri Lanka chief selector Sanath Jayasuriya said that Chandimal's health would be monitored and a call on his availability for the second Test will be taken accordingly.
"He is down with pneumonia and will not be able to play the first Test starting on Wednesday," said Jayasuriya.
Chandimal was named the skipper of the Test squad after Angelo Mathews quit captaincy following a 2-3 ODI series defeat against Zimbabwe.
The two teams will play three Tests, five ODIs and one T20 International.