Tatum, 37, will also serve as a producer on the film with his partner Reid Carolin through their Free Association production company, along with Simon Kinberg, reported Deadline.
Gore Verbinski is set to direct the movie from a script penned by Joshua Zetumer. Earlier, Rupert Wyatt and Doug Liman were attached as directors.
The Gambit's character, also known as Remy LeBeau, was created in 1990 by Chris Claremont and Jim Lee, a mutant who is an expert card-thrower with the ability to mentally create, control and manipulate kinetic energy.
"Gambit" will clash with New Line/Warner Bros' comedy "Isn't It Romantic", featuring Rebel Wilson and Liam Hemsworth, and Universal's untitled Blumhouse release.