He said if the Central government, "which is required to be neutral", was "tilting" towards Karnataka, it showed its hankering and "hope" for power in the neighbouring state.
"They (BJP) believe that they will be able to capture power in Karnataka in the next election (2018 Assembly polls)," he said at a gathering of party workers and supporters who were on a fast, protesting against the Centre's stand on formation of Cauvery Management Board.
The former Union minister said that by doing so, the BJP-led government was trying to get "political mileage".
Attacking the Tamil Nadu BJP, he said it would not be able to capture power in the state.
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Besides Chidambaram, other Congress leaders present were former Union minister Dhanushkodi Adithan, former TNCC presidents K V Thangkabalu, Kumari Ananthan and Congress leaders 'Karate' Thyagarajan, former party MPs and MLAs.
TNCC president S Tirunavukarasar, who spoke on the occasion, said the Centre should act effectively on the Cauvery water dispute and form Cauvery Water Management Board.
Meanwhile, CPI today joined various political parties in Tamil Nadu in expressing concern over the Centre not yet setting up the Cauvery Management Board.
CPI leader R Mutharasan said in a statement that party leaders, including himself, would participate in the proposed train picketing programme on October 17 and 18 to press for CMB and to condemn the centre for "betraying" the interest of Tamil Nadu on the Cauvery issue.
"It was shocking to learn from the Centre's statement that it had no power to form the CMB, though the Supreme Court had directed it to do so," he said.