Xu Hong, director-general of the treaty and law division for China's Foreign Ministry, said at a news conference that some countries have "passive attitudes" about signing extradition treaties with Beijing.
"China is ready to sign an extradition treaty, but it looks like the United States is not prepared to do so," Xu said.
The United States, Canada and Australia the most popular destinations for Chinese officials accused of corruption have yet to sign extradition treaties with China.
Beijing has estimated that since the mid-1990s, 16,000 to 18,000 corrupt officials and employees of state-owned enterprises have fled China or gone into hiding with pilfered assets totaling more than 800 billion yuan (USD 135 billion).
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Corruption has eroded the public's trust so much that the Communist Party considers it a threat to its grip on power.
President Xi Jinping has made fighting corruption a priority since he took office in early 2013.
The biggest obstacles are the differences in social and legal systems between China and the Western countries, Xu said. He added that some foreign judges who rule against expatriating Chinese fugitives lack a proper understanding of China's legal system or hold a prejudice against it.
Washington has agreed to more dialogues and cooperation, but there is little evidence to suggest the US would be willing to obligate itself to surrender alleged criminals to China.