The claims from Shanghai-based Genitop Research come after Beijing fined the US firm nearly a billion dollars for monopoly offences.
Genitop, which develops Chinese character information processing software and semiconductor chips, sued Qualcomm last year, alleging it had infringed its China-registered trade marks by using the Chinese phrase Gaotong in its Chinese company name and product brand.
Genitop says it registered the phrase, which means "high communication", as its trademark in 1992 and demanded 100 million yuan (USD 16 million) in compensation.
It would seek an "administrative penalty" of $100 billion, Genitop's lawyer Chen Ruojian said, adding that under Chinese law, such penalties can be set at three times a firm's sales, and Genitop arrived at the figure by combining three years of Qualcomm's turnover in China.
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"We will file a formal, written and open application with the State Commerce and Industry Administration for investigations and a penalty against Qualcomm," Chen told reporters.
Qualcomm representatives in China could not be reached for comment by AFP. An email to the firm's US headquarters was not immediately answered.
Qualcomm said last month that it will pay 6.088 billion yuan and modify its business practices in China to end an official anti-trust investigation. That fine was equivalent to eight percent of Qualcomm's 2013 sales in China, authorities said.
Beijing has said the probe -- which formally started in November 2013 -- was triggered after unnamed industry players complained the firm was abusing its market dominance to charge high prices.
Over the past two years, Chinese authorities have stepped up scrutiny of foreign firms, launching sweeping investigations into alleged malpractice in sectors ranging from pharmaceuticals to baby formula.