Six-year-old Ya Li had the twin sisters last month at the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding in the southwestern province of Sichuan, it said in a statement.
They weighed 144 grams (5 ounces) and 113 grams each, said the statement on Monday.
Ya Li was a twin herself, it added.
China had 1,864 giant pandas in the wild, mainly in Sichuan, by the end of 2013, according to a government survey released last year.
Giant pandas have notoriously low libidos, frustrating efforts to boost their numbers.
But twin pandas have been on the rise in recent years with the development of artificial insemination technology. Female bears' ovulation is closely monitored and sperm from at least two males is often used to increase the chances of a successful insemination.