A brief report on the ministry's website said the accident occurred around 7:30 yesterday in the city of Taizhou in Zhejiang province. It said parts of a sewing machine factory were destroyed in the crash, but the pilot had ejected and no one was apparently hurt on the ground.
It said the navy and East China Sea Fleet were investigating the cause of the crash.
The type of plane involved wasn't identified. China's navy operates older J-7 and J-8 fighters along with variants of the Russian Su-27, including a version assigned to China's first aircraft carrier, the Liaoning.