Exports rose 4 per cent from a year earlier in January and February to USD 302.8 billion, rebounding from a 6.1 percent contraction in December, customs data showed today.
Imports rose 26.4 per cent to USD 260.6 billion, accelerating from December's 3.1 per cent growth.
Analysts often look at January and February together to screen out the impact of the two-week Lunar New Year holiday, which begins on a different date each year.
"The latest trade data suggest that, seasonal distortions aside, both exports and imports strengthened at the start of 2017," Julian Evans-Pritchard of Capital Economics said in a report.
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"However, we doubt that the current pace of import growth can be sustained," he said. "With growth in China currently running above trend and both monetary and fiscal policy being tightened, it is only a matter of time before we see a slowdown in domestic demand."
The premier warned China faces growing uncertainty due to rising global pressure for trade controls.
Chinese leaders have defended free trade in response to US President Donald Trump's promises to raise duties on Chinese goods, though Beijing's trading partners complain China is the most closed major economy.
China's global trade surplus for January and February contracted by 56 per cent to USD 42.1 billion.
China's import bill has been boosted by higher prices for metals and other commodities for which its factories are among the biggest buyers. That has helped to shrink its trade surpluses.
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