US Defence Secretary Chuck Hagel had denounced China's "destabilising, unilateral actions asserting its claims in the South China Sea," at a security forum in Singapore which both officials are attending.
The Chinese army's deputy chief of staff Wang Guanzhong described Hagel's comments at the Shangri-La Dialogue as baseless.
"Secretary Hagel's speech is full of threats and intimidating language. Secretary Hagel's speech is full of encouragement, incitement for the Asia region's instability giving rise to a disturbance," state broadcaster China Central Television quoted Wang as telling reporters.
Tensions have recently flared in the South China Sea, claimed almost entirely by China, which has lately taken bold steps to enforce what it says are its historical rights.
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Wang added the value of the Shangri-La Dialogue was to encourage exchanges, sometimes blunt, between governments and think-tanks but China should not be accused without basis, CCTV said.
China's official Xinhua news agency on Saturday accused the United States of raising tensions in Asia, following Hagel's speech.
"It even adopted the strategy of stoking fires to do this with the influence felt and visibly seen behind the tensions on the South China Sea."
China has sought to counter Washington's foreign policy "pivot" to Asia, but it has also angered Vietnam, Japan and the Philippines -- the latter two US allies -- with what those countries say are aggressive moves in separate maritime rows.
Relations between China and Vietnam have worsened after Beijing sent a deep-water oil drilling rig into contested waters in the South China Sea.