The centres will be devoted to information technology, intelligent manufacturing, new materials and biomedicine.
Around 15 centres will be established by 2020.
The MIIT has promised to improve the intellectual property management system to promote cooperation and profit sharing between centers.
To build a better manufacturing sector, China came up with the 'Made in China 2025' plan last year to shift the country away from low-end manufacturing to more value-added production, state-run Xinhua news agency reported.
China's value-added industrial output grew 6.1 per cent in 2015, lower than the 8.3-per cent growth in 2014.