The National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation (NASMG) said the campaign will focus on maps with incorrect national boundaries and missing territory in teaching materials, travel guides and imported publications.
Publications with incorrect maps will be recalled and destroyed if their flaws are serious, while websites that offer map services that are found to undermine sovereignty and state security will be punished or shut down entirely, the NASMG said.
The campaign will also strengthen supervision over the market for terrestrial globes to prevent unauthorised production, it said.
The campaign, co-launched by 13 departments, including the NASMG, the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and the Foreign Ministry, will be formally launched in June and will last until October.
Authorities have investigated and dealt with about 40 cases of illegal mapping in China involving foreigners.
While some of the incidents occurred due to a lack of awareness of Chinese law, others involved attempts to steal state secrets and undermine security, state-run Xinhua news agency reported.